An AI-Based Method for Automated Breast Cancer Detection and Localization in Mammogram and Ultrasound Images

Authors

  • Pradeep Kumar Department of ECE, VNR VJIET, Bachupally, Hyderabad, 500090, Telangana, India
  • Ranjan K. Senapati Department of ECE, VNR VJIET, Bachupally, Hyderabad, 500090, Telangana, India
  • Prasanth Mankar Department of ECE, Vasavi College of Engineering, Ibrahimbagh, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
  • Santosh Kumar Choudhary Department of ECE, VNR VJIET, Bachupally, Hyderabad, 500090, Telangana, India
  • P. M. K. Prasad Department of ECE, GVP College of Engineering for Women, Vishakapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
  • Satish Muppidi Department of Information Technology, GMR Institute of Technology, Rajam, 532127, Andhra Pradesh, India
  • Gandharba Swain Department of CSE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
Volume: 15 | Issue: 5 | Pages: 27266-27272 | October 2025 | https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.11951

Abstract

This research aims to improve the identification, classification, and segmentation of breast cancer using mammography and ultrasound images using a Refined Mask-RCNN framework. An OR operation merges the results, reducing misclassification and unnecessary biopsies. The system is deployed in the NVIDIA Jetson Nano developer kit to assist doctors and radiologists in the detection of cancerous cells. Compared to the original Mask-RCNN, the proposed method performs better in cancer identification and segmentation, showing improved metrics such as accuracy, precision, True Positive Rate (TPR), True Negative Rate (TNR), F-score, Balanced Classification Rate (BCR), Youden's index, Jaccard, and Dice coefficient, demonstrating the robustness and reliability of the combined approach in the clinical diagnosis of breast cancer.

Keywords:

refined mask-RCNN, breast ultrasound, mammography, breast cancer, balanced classification rate, NVIDIA Jetson nano

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Global Cancer Facts & Figures, 4th ed. American Cancer Society, 2018.

J. B. Harford, "Breast-cancer early detection in low-income and middle-income countries: do what you can versus one size fits all," The Lancet Oncology, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 306–312, Mar. 2011.

C. Gómez-Raposo, F. Zambrana Tévar, M. Sereno Moyano, M. López Gómez, and E. Casado, "Male breast cancer," Cancer Treatment Reviews, vol. 36, no. 6, pp. 451–457, Oct. 2010.

O. Akin et al., "Advances in oncologic imaging," CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, vol. 62, no. 6, pp. 364–393, 2012.

M. G. Ertosun and D. L. Rubin, "Probabilistic visual search for masses within mammography images using deep learning," in 2015 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM), Washington, DC, USA, Nov. 2015, pp. 1310–1315.

S. K. Raza, S. S. Sarwar, S. M. Syed, and N. A. Khan, "Classification and Segmentation of Breast Tumor Using Mask R- CNN on Mammograms." Research Square, May 14, 2021.

T. C. Chiang, Y. S. Huang, R. T. Chen, C. S. Huang, and R. F. Chang, "Tumor Detection in Automated Breast Ultrasound Using 3-D CNN and Prioritized Candidate Aggregation," IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 240–249, Jan. 2019.

Y. Yuan, M. Chao, and Y. C. Lo, "Automatic Skin Lesion Segmentation Using Deep Fully Convolutional Networks With Jaccard Distance," IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, vol. 36, no. 9, pp. 1876–1886, Sep. 2017.

H. Min et al., "Fully Automatic Computer-aided Mass Detection and Segmentation via Pseudo-color Mammograms and Mask R-CNN," in 2020 IEEE 17th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI), Iowa City, IA, USA, Apr. 2020, pp. 1111–1115.

Y. A. Hamad, K. Simonov, and M. B. Naeem, "Breast Cancer Detection and Classification Using Artificial Neural Networks," in 2018 1st Annual International Conference on Information and Sciences (AiCIS), Fallujah, Iraq, Nov. 2018, pp. 51–57.

Z. Wang, G. Yu, Y. Kang, Y. Zhao, and Q. Qu, "Breast tumor detection in digital mammography based on extreme learning machine," Neurocomputing, vol. 128, pp. 175–184, Mar. 2014.

H. Chougrad, H. Zouaki, and O. Alheyane, "Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for breast cancer screening," Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, vol. 157, pp. 19–30, Apr. 2018.

N. Wu et al., "Deep Neural Networks Improve Radiologists’ Performance in Breast Cancer Screening," IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, vol. 39, no. 4, pp. 1184–1194, Apr. 2020.

J. Y. Chiao, K. Y. Chen, K. Y. K. Liao, P. H. Hsieh, G. Zhang, and T. C. Huang, "Detection and classification the breast tumors using mask R-CNN on sonograms," Medicine, vol. 98, no. 19, May 2019, Art. no. e15200.

D. A. Ragab, M. Sharkas, S. Marshall, and J. Ren, "Breast cancer detection using deep convolutional neural networks and support vector machines," PeerJ, vol. 7, Jan. 2019, Art. no. e6201.

Z. Jiao, X. Gao, Y. Wang, and J. Li, "A deep feature based framework for breast masses classification," Neurocomputing, vol. 197, pp. 221–231, Jul. 2016.

G. Carneiro, J. Nascimento, and A. P. Bradley, "Automated Analysis of Unregistered Multi-View Mammograms With Deep Learning," IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, vol. 36, no. 11, pp. 2355–2365, Aug. 2017.

P. Kumar, S. Srivastava, R. K. Mishra, and Y. P. Sai, "End-to-end improved convolutional neural network model for breast cancer detection using mammographic data," The Journal of Defense Modeling and Simulation, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 375–384, Jul. 2022.

H. C. Shin et al., "Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Computer-Aided Detection: CNN Architectures, Dataset Characteristics and Transfer Learning," IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 1285–1298, Feb. 2016.

K. He, G. Gkioxari, P. Dollar, and R. Girshick, "Mask R-CNN," in 2017 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV), Venice, Italy, Oct. 2017, pp. 2980–2988.

A. O. Vuola, S. U. Akram, and J. Kannala, "Mask-RCNN and U-Net Ensembled for Nuclei Segmentation," in 2019 IEEE 16th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI 2019), Venice, Italy, Apr. 2019, pp. 208–212.

P. Kumar, S. Srivastava, Y. Padma Sai, and S. Choudhary, "Optimal Bayesian Estimation Framework for Reduction of Speckle Noise from Breast Ultrasound Images," in Innovations in Cyber Physical Systems, 2021, pp. 255–263.

H. Rahman, T. F. Naik Bukht, R. Ahmad, A. Almadhor, and A. R. Javed, "Efficient Breast Cancer Diagnosis from Complex Mammographic Images Using Deep Convolutional Neural Network," Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience, vol. 2023, no. 1, 2023, Art. no. 7717712.

M. M. Rahman et al., "Breast Cancer Detection and Localizing the Mass Area Using Deep Learning," Big Data and Cognitive Computing, vol. 8, no. 7, Jul. 2024, Art. no. 80.

S. M. Shaaban, M. Nawaz, Y. Said, and M. Barr, "An Efficient Breast Cancer Segmentation System based on Deep Learning Techniques," Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research, vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 12415–12422, Dec. 2023.

T. Y. Lin, P. Dollar, R. Girshick, K. He, B. Hariharan, and S. Belongie, "Feature Pyramid Networks for Object Detection," in 2017 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), Honolulu, HI, USA, Jul. 2017, pp. 936–944.

S. Ren, K. He, R. Girshick, and J. Sun, "Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networks," in Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 2015, vol. 28.

"DDSM Mammography." [Online]. Available: https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/skooch/ddsm-mammography.

W. Al-Dhabyani, M. Gomaa, H. Khaled, and A. Fahmy, "Dataset of breast ultrasound images," Data in Brief, vol. 28, Feb. 2020, Art. no. 104863.

Downloads

How to Cite

[1]
P. Kumar, “An AI-Based Method for Automated Breast Cancer Detection and Localization in Mammogram and Ultrasound Images”, Eng. Technol. Appl. Sci. Res., vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 27266–27272, Oct. 2025.

Metrics

Abstract Views: 109
PDF Downloads: 38

Metrics Information