Development and Performance Evaluation of a Screw-Blade Type Dehusking Machine for Dry Areca Nuts

Authors

  • Ramayanty Bulan Department of Agricultural Engineering, Syiah Kuala University, Aceh, Indonesia
  • Devianti Department of Agricultural Engineering, Syiah Kuala University, Aceh, Indonesia
  • Andriani Lubis Department of Agricultural Engineering, Syiah Kuala University, Aceh, Indonesia
  • Siti Mechram Department of Agricultural Engineering, Syiah Kuala University, Aceh, Indonesia
  • Muhammad Raihan Department of Agricultural Engineering, Syiah Kuala University, Aceh, Indonesia
Volume: 15 | Issue: 4 | Pages: 24449-24454 | August 2025 | https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.11059

Received: 20 March 2025 | Revised: 1 May 2025 | Accepted: 4 May 2025 | Online: 8 June 2025


Corresponding author: Devianti

Abstract

This study aims to develop and test the performance of a screw-blade-type dehusking machine for dry areca nuts. This machine was developed using a screw-blade as a rotator and a concave as a stator, which remove the husk from dried areca nuts. The experimental machine performance was evaluated based on the machine capacity and percentage of fully husked areca nuts. The machine was tested with dried areca nuts having average major diameters of 59.21±3.35 mm and seeds of 26.08±2.27 mm. The optimal rotational speed was found to be 1100 rpm, achieving a maximum capacity of 41.65±2.16 kg/h, with 80% of the nuts fully husked. Future work should focus on optimizing the machine for higher efficiency and broader applicability, exploring different materials and designs for the screw-blade, and integrating sensors for real-time adjustments to improve the dehusking efficiency and reduce the percentage of unhusked nuts. Additionally, a cost-benefit analysis is recommended to assess the economic viability of the machine for both small-scale farmers and large-scale operations.

Keywords:

case study, appropriate technology, agricultural engineering, areca nuts, farm machinery, machine design

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

C. S. Karthik, A. Pariari, K. C. Bhutia, and S. O. Bhutia, "Processing Methodologies for Few Plantation Crops in India (Arecanut, Betelvine, Cashew, Cocoa and Oil Palm)," in Innovations in Food Technology: Current Perspectives and Future Goals, P. Mishra, R. R. Mishra, and C. O. Adetunji, Eds. Singapore: Springer, 2020, pp. 29–39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6121-4_3

H. Gaminian, B. Ahvazi, J. J. Vidmar, U. Ekuere, and S. Regan, "Revolutionizing Sustainable Nonwoven Fabrics: The Potential Use of Agricultural Waste and Natural Fibres for Nonwoven Fabric," Biomass, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 363–401, Jun. 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/biomass4020018

S. Mandal and R. K. Sharma, "Application of Gasification Technology in Agriculture for Power Generation," in Handbook of Energy Management in Agriculture, A. Rakshit, A. Biswas, D. Sarkar, V. S. Meena, and R. Datta, Eds. Singapore: Springer Nature, 2023, pp. 261–282. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7736-7_14-1

B. Jarimopas, S. Niamhom, and A. Terdwongworakul, "Development and testing of a husking machine for dry betel nut (Areca Catechu Linn.)," Biosystems Engineering, vol. 102, no. 1, pp. 83–89, Jan. 2009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2008.09.033

A. Sitorus, D. Nugraha, D. Rustamli, M. Muslimin, A. R. Hasan, and R. Bulan, "Design and Construction of a Cutting Machines for Fresh Betel Nut (Areca Catechu Linn)," in 2019 5th International Conference on Computing Engineering and Design (ICCED), Singapore, Apr. 2019, pp. 1–4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCED46541.2019.9161115

H. K. Madhusudhana, G. J. Satish, N. Vijayakumar, and P. Sachin, "Design and optimization of operating parameters for areca nut de-husker," IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 872, no. 1, Jun. 2020, Art. no. 012011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/872/1/012011

C. L. Oria and E. V. Palconit, "Performance Investigation of an Inflatable Solar Dryer with Steel-Can Solar Air Heater for Drying Coffee and Corn," Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 8707–8711, Jun. 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.4966

M. Javaid, A. Haleem, R. P. Singh, and R. Suman, "Substantial capabilities of robotics in enhancing industry 4.0 implementation," Cognitive Robotics, vol. 1, pp. 58–75, Jan. 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogr.2021.06.001

J. Morgan, M. Halton, Y. Qiao, and J. G. Breslin, "Industry 4.0 smart reconfigurable manufacturing machines," Journal of Manufacturing Systems, vol. 59, pp. 481–506, Apr. 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmsy.2021.03.001

M. Soori, B. Arezoo, and R. Dastres, "Machine learning and artificial intelligence in CNC machine tools, A review," Sustainable Manufacturing and Service Economics, vol. 2, Apr. 2023, Art. no. 100009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smse.2023.100009

I. S. Cebro and A. Sitorus, "Performance Evaluation Of A Hand Tractor To Climbing Sloping Land," International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, vol. 8, no. 7, pp. 781–785, Jul. 2019.

D. X. Dong, P. V. Minh, N. Q. Ninh, and D. X. Dinh, "Development of Renewable Energy Sources to Serve Agriculture in Vietnam: A Strategic Assessment using the SWOT Analysis," Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research, vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 11721–11727, Oct. 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.6211

S. Tepjit, P. Aungkulanon, and C. Ketviriyakit, "Defining the System Operation Modes and Key Parameters for the Conceptualization of CPS-Based Rice Milling Machine – Consideration of Quality Aspect," in Advanced in Creative Technology- added Value Innovations in Engineering, Materials and Manufacturing, Cham, 2024, pp. 393–409. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-59164-8_32

D. K. Bwambok et al., "QCM Sensor Arrays, Electroanalytical Techniques and NIR Spectroscopy Coupled to Multivariate Analysis for Quality Assessment of Food Products, Raw Materials, Ingredients and Foodborne Pathogen Detection: Challenges and Breakthroughs," Sensors, vol. 20, no. 23, Jan. 2020, Art. no. 6982. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236982

M. M. Strieder, F. S. Bragagnolo, R. S. Pizani, and M. A. Rostagno, "The impact of using an expansion gas with high-intensity ultrasound on the pressurized liquid extraction of bioactive compounds from an industrial coffee solid residue," Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, vol. 92, Mar. 2024, Art. no. 103575. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2024.103575

A. Sitorus, A. Fauzi, G. Ramadhan, R. Kuswandi, A. R. Hasan, and A. Karyadi, "Conceptual Design of Harvesters Knife for Chinese Spinach (Ipomoea Reptans Poir.): CAD Approach," in 2018 International Conference on Computing, Engineering, and Design (ICCED), Bangkok, Thailand, Sep. 2018, pp. 7–12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCED.2018.00012

S. Raseetha, S. P. Heenan, I. Oey, D. J. Burritt, and N. Hamid, "A new strategy to assess the quality of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. italica) based on enzymatic changes and volatile mass ion profile using Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry (PTR-MS)," Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 197–205, Apr. 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2010.12.005

A. Sarker, A. Deltsidis, and T. E. Grift, "Effect of Aloe Vera Gel-Carboxymethyl Cellulose Composite Coating on the Degradation Kinetics of Cucumber," Journal of Biosystems Engineering, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 112–128, Jun. 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42853-021-00092-z

J. S. Jo, F. G. Okyere, J. M. Jo, and H. T. Kim, "A Study on Improving the Performance of the Planting Device of a Vegetable Transplanter," Journal of Biosystems Engineering, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 202–210, Jan. 2018.

A. R. Gorbushin and A. A. Bolshakova, "Unsteady axial force measurement by the strain gauge balance," Measurement, vol. 152, Feb. 2020, Art. no. 107381. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2019.107381

P. S. Deshmukh et al., "Effect of mechanical and chemical treatments of arecanut (areca catechu L.) fruit husk on husk and its fibre," Waste Management, vol. 95, pp. 458–465, Jul. 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2019.06.026

R. Bulan, Devianti, E. Septi Ayu, and A. Sitorus, "Effects of moisture content on some engineering properties of arecanut (areca catechu L.) fruit which are relevant to the design of processing equipment," INMATEH Agricultural Engineering, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 61–70, Apr. 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35633/inmateh-60-07

G. Sunny and T. P. Rajan, "An effect of retting process and extraction methods on physical and mechanical properties of areca nut fibers," International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 722–739, May 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCST-09-2023-0133

S. Widyotomo, "Evaluasi Kinerja Mesin Pengupas Kulit Buah Kopi Basah Tipe Silinder Horisontal," Jurnal Enjiniring Pertanian, vol. 8, pp. 27–38, Apr. 2010.

I. Syahrizal and D. Perdana, "Uji kinerja mesin pengupas buah pinang kering menggunakan mekanisme pengupas tipe impact rotary poros horizontal," Turbo : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 37–46, Jun. 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24127/trb.v11i1.1821

E. Budiyanto, L. D. Yuono, and A. Farindra, "Upaya Peningkatan Kualitas dan Kapasitas Produksi Mesin Pengupas Kulit Kopi Kering," Turbo : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 88–98, Jun. 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24127/trb.v8i1.926

Downloads

How to Cite

[1]
R. Bulan, . Devianti, A. Lubis, S. Mechram, and M. Raihan, “Development and Performance Evaluation of a Screw-Blade Type Dehusking Machine for Dry Areca Nuts”, Eng. Technol. Appl. Sci. Res., vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 24449–24454, Aug. 2025.

Metrics

Abstract Views: 196
PDF Downloads: 258

Metrics Information

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Ramayanty Bulan, Devianti, Andriani Lubis, Siti Mechram, Muhammad Raihan

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

- Authors retain the copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) after its publication in ETASR with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.